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      The ‘Beti’ Issue – Declining Child Sex Ratio In India

      By - A Staff Writer |
      Published -  30 Jun 2015 12:38 PM IST
    • Boomlive

      Beti

      Will PM Modi's push to save the girl child, through his speeches and social media appeals make a difference on the ground?

      In his Radio Address Mann ki Baat, the Prime Minister spoke about the declining Child Sex Ratio (CSR) in the country and why we should be concerned about it. The CSR has been on the decline since 1991 and currently is the worst since independence. From 945 girls for every 1000 boys in 1991, it went down to 927 in 2001 and to 918 in 2011. The Government has also identified 100 gender critical districts in the country where the CSR is abysmally low.

      In India, while we pray to many female deities and look up to them as embodiments of strength, courage, wealth and education, we still practice deep-rooted traditional preference to the male child or the son. In the recent times, it has taken an ugly turn with innumerable crimes against women, increasing cases of rape and selective abortions.

      According to the 2011 census, for every 1000 boys, there are only 918 girls. The child sex ratio in India has been on the decline since 1991 and the worst since independence. According to the 1991 census, there were 945 girls for every 1000 boys and in 2001,927 girls for every 1000 boys. The sex ratio is defined as the ratio of the number of males to number of females in a population set.

      It is internationally expressed per 100 females but in India, it is expressed as per 1000 males. According to the World Health Organization, biologically normal child sex ratio ranges from 102 to 106 male per 100 females. Converting it to Indian terms would be 943-980 females per every 1000 males.

      Even with rise in awareness, advancement of technology and increase in educated individuals; the child sex ratio is this country is dwindling. Several government laws and schemes have focused on curbing female infanticide and incentivizing investing in girls but little seems to have changed. Traditionally, girls and women have been looked upon as a burden in a patriarchal society. Even if they managed to be born, providing nutritious food, sending them to good schools and investing in them on par with the male child is still not a reality in many of villages, towns and cities around the country.

      Girls are rather looked at as somebody you need to start saving money for, buying gold and able to give a dowry to get her married. And after all this, she does not even carry your lineage or your family name. Thinking on these lines, even as an all women contingent marches at the Republic Day parade and a female officer commands the guard of honor to the visiting American President seems beyond out dated. The problem is more socio-cultural and behavioral and is not limited illegal ultrasounds for sex determination.

      STATE_NAMECensus 1991Census 2001Census 2011No. of Gender Critical Districts
      STATE_NAMECensus 1991Census 2001Census 2011No. of Gender Critical Districts
      Haryana87981983412
      Rajasthan91690988810
      Uttar Pradesh92791690210
      Maharashtra94691389410
      Punjab87579884611
      Jammu & KashmirNot available9418625
      Delhi9158688715
      Gujarat9288838905
      Madhya Pradesh9419329184
      Uttarakhand9499088902
      Arunachal Pradesh9829649721
      Meghalaya9869739701
      Mizoram9699649701
      Chhattisgarh9849759691
      Andaman & Nicobar Is.9739579681
      Pondicherry9639679671
      Kerala9589609641
      Assam9759659621
      Sikkim9659639571
      Tripura9679669571
      West Bengal9679609561
      Jharkhand9799659481
      Karnataka9609469481
      Nagaland9939649431
      Tamil Nadu9489429431
      Goa9649389421
      Odisha9879539411
      Andhra Pradesh9759619391
      Manipur9749579361
      Bihar9539429351
      Dadra & Nagar Haveli10139799261
      Lakshadweep9419599111
      Himachal Pradesh9518969091
      Daman & Diu9589269041
      Chandigarh8998458801
      TelanganaNot AvailableNot AvailableNot Available1

      When we look at the census data, some of the districts categorized as ‘gender critical’ with low sex ratio list will shock you. Even thriving states, which are considered quite modern and advanced like Gujarat, Delhi and Maharashtra, have a handful of districts with dismal figures. Actually Maharashtra has up to 10 districts with critical child sex ratio and on par with states like Punjab, Haryana and Rajasthan, which have historically had very low gender ratios.

      The Prime minister recently lunched the “Beti Bachao – Beti Padhao” (BBBP) campaign to reverse the dwindling numbers. Beti Bachao, Beti Padhao (Save girl child, educate girl child) is a Government of India scheme that aims to generate awareness and improving the efficiency of delivery of welfare services meant for the girl child & women. The scheme was initiated with an initial corpus of Rs 100 crore. It is being implemented in the 100 Gender critical districts.

      It will definitely be a herculean task considering the many faces of this problem. The campaign aims to ensuring that girls are born, nurtured and educated without discrimination to become empowered citizens of this country with equal rights. Hopefully, this will not be just another girl child campaign but an intervention that could change the course of this country. And this is possible if the campaign and the stakeholders address this at its root. The problem of attitudes, outdated beliefs and perception of the girl child needs to be addressed.

      This article has been republished from Newslaundry.com.

      Tags

      BBBP CampaignBeti BachaoBeti IssueBeti PadhaoCensus DataChild Sex RatioGender Critical DistrictsIndiaMann Ki BaatPime MinisterRadio AddressSocio-CulturalNarendra Modi
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