Telegram is a cloud-based instant messaging app that was launched in 2013 by brothers Nikolai and Pavel Durov. Known for its focus on speed, security, and privacy, Telegram allows users to send messages, photos, videos, and files of any type, as well as create group chats, broadcast channels, and make voice and video calls. One of the standout features of Telegram is its encryption protocols, including end-to-end encrypted "Secret Chats" for messages that are not stored on Telegram's servers.

Telegram has gained popularity for its user-friendly interface, high level of security, and the ability to handle large group chats and channels, making it a preferred platform for both personal communication and large-scale broadcasting. The app also supports bots, which can automate tasks, provide information, and enhance user interaction.

Despite its positive features, Telegram has faced criticism and scrutiny from governments and law enforcement agencies in various countries due to its use by criminal organizations, extremists, and other groups to communicate securely. The platform's strong encryption and privacy features make it difficult for authorities to monitor communications, leading to concerns about its potential misuse.

Telegram has seen significant growth in user base, especially during times of political unrest or when other social media platforms have faced outages or privacy concerns. It continues to be a popular alternative to other messaging apps like WhatsApp and Signal.