Sedition refers to conduct or speech that incites people to rebel against the authority of a state or government. In legal terms, it is often associated with acts that challenge or undermine the government's authority, with the potential to lead to public disorder, insurrection, or rebellion. Sedition is considered a serious offense in many countries, and those found guilty of it can face severe penalties, including imprisonment.

The concept of sedition has a long history and is often used in times of political unrest or when governments seek to suppress dissent. However, the application of sedition laws has been controversial, as they can be used to stifle free speech, suppress political opposition, and target activists, journalists, or individuals who criticize the government.

In India, sedition is defined under Section 124A of the Indian Penal Code (IPC), which was originally introduced by the British colonial government to curb nationalist movements. The law states that any person who, by words, signs, or visible representation, attempts to incite hatred, contempt, or disaffection towards the government established by law can be charged with sedition. This law has been the subject of intense debate and criticism, with many arguing that it is outdated and often misused to silence dissent.

Sedition charges have been invoked in various high-profile cases in India, sparking discussions about the balance between national security and the fundamental rights of freedom of speech and expression. Critics of sedition laws argue that they are often used to target peaceful protesters, critics of the government, and members of the press, leading to calls for reform or repeal of such laws.